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Figure 4 | BMC Ecology

Figure 4

From: Effects of herbivory on the reproductive effort of 4 prairie perennials

Figure 4

a) Flower number for Phlox, Rosa and Rhus under three different simulated herbivory treatments (control, leaf removal only, or meristem removal). Values are shown as adjusted means ± 1 SE from Type III GLMs with treatment as the main effect and plant size and leaf removal as covariates. Overall, the treatment effect was significant for Phlox (F = 14.2, P < 0.001) and Rosa (F = 6.80, P < 0.001) but not for Rhus (P = 0.8). Flower values are based on the average of multiple counts on individual plants (Phlox-June 15, 17 and 21; Rosa-June 15 & 21; Rhus-June 1 & July 1). Flower number was square root transformed for analysis, b) Seed mass for Phlox, Rosa and Rhus under three different simulated herbivory treatments. Values are shown as adjusted means ± 1 SE from Type III GLMs with treatment as the main effect and square root flower number and leaf removal as covariates. Treatment had a significant effect for Rosa (F = 6.80, P < 0.001) but not for Phlox (P = 0.2) or Rhus (P = 0.6). Different letters denote significant effects at P < 0.05 following Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.

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