Table 1 Absolute and relative mean differences between treatments in seed capsule production and TPI levels from either untransformed wildtype (WT) or homozygous T₃ independently transformed lines of a WT genotype of Nicotiana attenuata which had been transformed with constructs containing the pi gene in an anti-sense orientation (AS –, AS-); absolute and relative mean differences between untransformed plants of the Arizona (A) genotype and plants of the Arizona genotype transformed with constructs containing the full-length pi gene in a sense (S++) orientation, that were either unattacked or attacked by Manduca sexta larvae for 11 days.

From: Fitness benefits of trypsin proteinase inhibitor expression in Nicotiana attenuata are greater than their costs when plants are attacked.