Transition of Ethiopian highland forests to agriculture-dominated landscapes shifts the soil microbial community composition

Table 3 Analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) based on Bray-Curtis and Manhattan distance measures (identical results in all cases) using abundance data comparing fungal community composition across different land uses

Changes with land use Categories (LU1—LU2)	N	R	P	OTUs detected (Total OTUs)	Fungal OTU (%)
Changes with land use Categories (LU1—LU2)	N	R	P	OTUs detected (Total OTUs)	LU1	LU2	Shared
Natural forest—eucalyptus	14	0.70	0.02	203 Vs. 192 (243)	51 (21)	40 (16)	152 (63)
Natural forest—exclosure	14	0.51	0.03	203 Vs. 177 (231)	54 (23)	29 (13)	148 (64)
Natural forest—grassland	14	0.67	0.02	203 Vs. 161 (227)	66 (29)	24 (11)	137 (60)
Natural forest—cropland	14	0.45	0.02	203 Vs. 178 (231)	53 (23)	28 (12)	150 (65)
Eucalyptus—exclosure	14	0.66	0.01	192 Vs. 177 (230)	52 (23)	37 (16)	141 (61)
Eucalyptus—grassland	14	0.61	0.01	192 Vs. 161 (223)	60 (27)	29 (13)	134 (60)
Eucalyptus—cropland	14	0.48	0.02	192 Vs. 178 (228)	50 (22)	36 (16)	142 (62)
Exclosure—grassland	14	0.35	0.02	177 Vs. 161 (211)	51 (24)	34 (16)	126 (60)
Exclosure—cropland	14	0.16	0.36	177 Vs. 178 (220)	42 (19)	43 (20)	135 (61)
Grassland—cropland	14	0.01	0.99	161 Vs. 178 (212)	34 (16)	52 (25)	126 (59)

Percent of OTUs detected in Land Use 1 (LU1), Land Use 2 (LU2) and shared OTUs between LU1 and LU2 are shown for pairwise comparisons. Significant factors (P < 0.05) are indicated in italic
R degree of separation between test groups ranging from − 1 to 1; R 0, not different; R 1, completely different (i.e., where the R-value between 0–0.299 “no separation/overlapping”; 0.300–0.749 “different but with some overlapping”; and > 0.750 “well separated”); N = population size. P values were based on 999 permutations (significant values with Bonferroni correction (P < 0.05), are given in bold

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