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Table 1 Differences in song thrush song characteristics between studied populations

From: Habitat-related differences in song structure and complexity in a songbird with a large repertoire

 

Variable

Urban 95% CI

Forest 95% CI

t/Z

p

A

Whistle minimum frequency

2465.4–2538.9

2312.0–2421.7

3.778

< 0.001

 

Whistle peak frequency

2978.0–3112.5

2803.6–2945.9

3.369

0.001

 

Twitter minimum frequency

3939.2–4254.6

3823.2–4051.1

1.725

0.090

 

Twitter peak frequency

5149.8–5459.2

5008.9–5262.4

1.725

0.090

B

Syllable repertoire

343.58–422.85

276.05–335.72

3.246

0.002

 

Whistle repertoire

117.78–146.48

97.89–118.96

2.787

0.007

 

Twitter repertoire

216.14–286.04

172.83–222.08

2.649

0.010

 

Twitter fraction

433.06–543.64

366.31–462.49

2.035

0.047

C

Syllable duration

0.10–0.11

0.10–0.11

− 0.337

0.737

 

Inter-syllable intervals

0.33–0.42

0.36–0.45

− 0.715

0.474

 

Syllable rate

122.19–145.07

116.64–136.93

0.898

0.373

 

Redundancy index

0.20–0.24

0.22–0.26

− 1.138

0.260

 

Linearity index

0.44–0.54

0.36–0.44

2.811

0.007

  1. Characteristics of song parameters describing (A) frequency, (B) repertoire and (C) temporal organization. Statistics: Mann–Whitney’s U-test (inter-syllable intervals) and Student's t-tests (all other variables). Significant differences are in italics